From: From the bottom to the top: a more complete picture of the immigrant-native wage gap in Britain
 | By timeframe a | By language a | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | 1993-2009 | 1997 | 2009 | English-speaking | non-English-speaking |
Total differential | −0.059*** | −0.034* | 0.087** | −0.290*** | −0.040*** |
 | (0.005) | (0.020) | (0.017) | (0.009) | (0.006) |
Characteristic | −0.140*** | −0.096*** | −0.086*** | −0.250*** | −0.164*** |
 | (0.004) | (0.015) | (0.011) | (0.006) | (0.005) |
Coefficient | 0.081*** | 0.057*** | 0.173*** | −0.041*** | 0.124*** |
 | (0.005) | (0.017) | (0.017) | (0.008) | (0.006) |
Coefficient components | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Education | 0.412*** | 0.406*** | 0.405*** | 0.224*** | 0.461*** |
 | (0.017) | (0.063) | (0.055) | (0.038) | (0.019) |
Experience | 0.184*** | 0.230** | 0.265*** | 0.018 | 0.261*** |
 | (0.021) | (0.093) | (0.067) | (0.047) | (0.025) |
Experience sqd./100 | −0.071*** | −0.073 | −0.126*** | 0.033 | −0.112*** |
 | (0.012) | (0.053) | (0.038) | (0.026) | (0.014) |
Non-white | 0.018*** | 0.029*** | 0.014* | 0.028*** | 0.009* |
 | (0.002) | (0.010) | (0.007) | (0.003) | (0.004) |
Married | 0.046*** | 0.095*** | 0.045*** | 0.034*** | 0.050*** |
 | (0.005) | (0.020) | (0.016) | (0.009) | (0.006) |
Part-time | −0.057*** | −0.044 | −0.020 | −0.022 | −0.053*** |
 | (0.014) | (0.050) | (0.036) | (0.036) | (0.015) |
Industry | 0.026*** | 0.040*** | 0.025** | −0.071*** | −0.013** |
 | (0.009) | (0.013) | (0.010) | (0.009) | (0.006) |
Region | −0.005** | −0.006 | 0.004 | −0.016*** | −0.010*** |
 | (0.002) | (0.006) | (0.005) | (0.004) | (0.002) |
Year | −0.001 | - | - | 0.126*** | 0.087*** |
 | (0.014) |  |  | (0.016) | (0.010) |
Constant | −0.536*** | −0.667*** | −0.526*** | −0.579*** | −0.706*** |
 | (0.040) | (0.118) | (0.095) | (0.077) | (0.038) |
N | 328,307 | 26,946 | 22,368 | 307,028 | 320,207 |