From: Immigrant assimilation and male labor market inequality
All | Age ≥25 | Earnings | 1994–2001 | 2002–2007 | 2008–2013 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-Hispanic generation 3+ | −0.1990*** | −0.224*** | −0.243*** | −0.189*** | −0.197*** | −0.209*** |
[0.0031] | [0.0033] | [0.0040] | [0.0058] | [0.0051] | [0.0053] | |
Hispanic generation 3+ | −0.1250*** | −0.159*** | −0.133*** | −0.106** | −0.121*** | −0.133*** |
[0.0210] | [0.0239] | [0.0264] | [0.0438] | [0.0342] | [0.0334] | |
Generation 2 | −0.135*** | −0.121*** | −0.189*** | −0.118*** | −0.141*** | −0.135*** |
[0.0145] | [0.0160] | [0.0200] | [0.0305] | [0.0260] | [0.0212] | |
Generation 1 | −0.1220 | −0.134*** | −0.145*** | −0.0929*** | −0.113*** | −0.158*** |
[0.0113] | [0.0117] | [0.0143] | [0.0202] | [0.0192] | [0.0196] | |
Arrived pre-1965 | −0.175*** | −0.182*** | −0.159*** | −0.238*** | −0.181*** | −0.0247 |
[0.0251] | [0.0262] | [0.0310] | [0.0474] | [0.0416] | [0.0454] | |
Arrived 1965–1974 | −0.213*** | −0.221*** | −0.224*** | −0.233*** | −0.232*** | −0.169*** |
[0.0242] | [0.0251] | [0.0304] | [0.0472] | [0.0403] | [0.0415] | |
Arrived 1975–1981 | −0.187*** | −0.206*** | −0.182*** | −0.203*** | −0.205*** | −0.162*** |
[0.0234] | [0.0240] | [0.0294] | [0.0461] | [0.0380] | [0.0403] | |
Arrived 1982–1991 | −0.2*** | −0.24*** | −0.211*** | −0.244*** | −0.221*** | −0.143*** |
[0.0218] | [0.0225] | [0.0277] | [0.0442] | [0.0354] | [0.0363] | |
Arrived 1992–2001 | −0.193*** | −0.275*** | −0.206*** | −0.247*** | −0.177*** | −0.17*** |
[0.0224] | [0.0231] | [0.0285] | [0.0481] | [0.0355] | [0.0369] | |
Arrived 2002–2007 | −0.188*** | −0.292*** | −0.216*** | n.a. | −0.205*** | −0.142*** |
[0.0269] | [0.0278] | [0.0345] | [0.0503] | [0.0386] | ||
Arrived 2008–2013 | −0.223*** | −0.355*** | −0.39*** | n.a. | n.a. | −0.189*** |
[0.0474] | [0.0478] | [0.0623] | [0.0551] | |||
Child (≤12) | 0.154*** | 0.154*** | 0.16*** | 0.155*** | 0.172*** | 0.117*** |
[0.0226] | [0.0239] | [0.0287] | [0.0459] | [0.0371] | [0.0372] | |
Adolescent (13–17) | 0.0999*** | 0.0883*** | 0.136*** | 0.107** | 0.077 | 0.13*** |
[0.0245] | [0.0256] | [0.0309] | [0.0498] | [0.0398] | [0.0400] | |
Emerging adult (18–25) | 0.0313 | 0.0476** | 0.0646** | 0.0453 | 0.00818 | 0.0483 |
[0.0219] | [0.0224] | [0.0276] | [0.0452] | [0.0352] | [0.0359] | |
Young adult (26–34) | −0.113*** | −0.0442* | −0.119*** | −0.0811* | −0.115*** | −0.135*** |
[0.0231] | [0.0234] | [0.0291] | [0.0482] | [0.0371] | [0.0373] | |
Advanced adult (35–44) | −0.165*** | −0.0981*** | −0.136*** | −0.142** | −0.199*** | −0.151*** |
[0.0276] | [0.0279] | [0.0343] | [0.0576] | [0.0438] | [0.0452] | |
Middle-age (45–54) | −0.194*** | −0.129*** | −0.153*** | −0.161** | −0.189*** | −0.217*** |
[0.0376] | [0.0378] | [0.0477] | [0.0727] | [0.0645] | [0.0611] | |
Senior (55–64) | −0.123 | 0.0112 | −0.118 | −0.233 | −0.0428 | −0.121 |
[0.1082] | [0.1073] | [0.1379] | [0.3069] | [0.1402] | [0.1607] | |
R-sq | 0.4248 | 0.2394 | 0.4752 | 0.412 | 0.4399 | 0.4217 |
N | 703,797 | 590,439 | 703,867 | 226,511 | 249,335 | 227,951 |