From: Immigration and wages: new evidence from the African American Great Migration
OLS | IV | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1940 | 1950 | 1940 | 1950 | ||||||
Specification | Black | White | Black | White | Black | White | Black | White | |
(1) | Prop. Southern black | −0.486 | 1.943*** | −0.702 | 1.750*** | −1.504* | 0.708 | −2.917** | 0.946* |
(0.769) | (0.493) | (1.161) | (0.279) | (0.837) | (0.883) | (1.245) | (0.519) | ||
Prop. Southern white | 0.483 | −0.579** | −0.638 | −0.265* | 0.730 | −0.739** | −0.00155 | −0.285* | |
(0.416) | (0.242) | (0.401) | (0.136) | (0.585) | (0.301) | (0.606) | (0.171) | ||
Observations | 2107 | 107,149 | 1043 | 41,154 | 2081 | 104,029 | 1029 | 39,219 | |
Clusters | 27 | 93 | 23 | 100 | 26 | 80 | 22 | 80 | |
(2) | Prop. Southern black | −1.905 | 2.151*** | −1.920 | 1.764*** | −4.806*** | 1.734*** | −2.265* | 0.914* |
(1.256) | (0.374) | (1.482) | (0.353) | (1.583) | (0.384) | (1.351) | (0.483) | ||
Prop. Southern white | 0.385 | −0.530** | −0.535 | −0.229 | 1.049* | −0.557*** | −0.646 | −0.167 | |
(0.472) | (0.206) | (0.576) | (0.189) | (0.580) | (0.208) | (0.439) | (0.268) | ||
Observations | 2107 | 104,209 | 1043 | 37,433 | 2081 | 101,339 | 1029 | 36,413 | |
Clusters | 27 | 87 | 23 | 72 | 26 | 75 | 22 | 62 | |
(3) | Prop. Southern black | −1.086 | 1.330*** | −2.659*** | 0.787** | ||||
(0.981) | (0.259) | (0.556) | (0.325) | ||||||
Prop. Southern white | −1.241*** | −0.262*** | −1.311** | −0.272* | |||||
(0.381) | (0.0920) | (0.529) | (0.141) | ||||||
Observations | 1043 | 39,316 | 1029 | 38,078 | |||||
Clusters | 23 | 87 | 22 | 75 | |||||
(4) | Prop. Southern black | −5.203*** | 0.845** | −5.437*** | 0.101 | ||||
(1.163) | (0.393) | (1.497) | (0.422) | ||||||
Prop. Southern white | −0.0541 | −0.0360 | −0.127 | 0.106 | |||||
(0.516) | (0.161) | (0.487) | (0.220) | ||||||
Observations | 1043 | 36,473 | 1029 | 35,644 | |||||
Clusters | 23 | 67 | 22 | 59 |